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Mastering Noun Complements (Compléments du Nom)

B1
grammar
nouns
exercises
Author

Kunal Khurana

Published

May 12, 2025

Understanding Noun Complements

A complément du nom is a word or phrase that modifies a noun to specify:
- Material (une table en bois = a wooden table)
- Content (un verre d’eau = a glass of water)
- Quantity/Measure (un kilo de pommes = a kilo of apples)
- Possession (le livre de Paul = Paul’s book)
- Relation (la mère de l’enfant = the child’s mother)

Key Prepositions:

  • de (most common): un sac de farine (a bag of flour).
  • en (material): une bague en or (a gold ring).
  • à (purpose): une machine à laver (a washing machine).
  • pour (intended use): un cadeau pour toi (a gift for you).

Exercises

1. Choose the correct preposition (de/en/à/pour):

___ lait (bouteille) 🥛 →

___ café (tasse) ☕ →

___ chocolat (tablette) 🍫 →

___ étudiant (cahier) 📓 →

___ argent (collier) 💎 →

2. Identify the complement type (Material/Content/Possession/Quantity):

“Un sac de riz” →

“Une montre en or” ⌚ →

“Le chien du voisin” 🐕 →

“10 litres de jus” 🧃 →

3. Correct the errors:

“Une bouteille à vin” 🍷 →

“Un pull en laine” 🧶 → (No error!)

“La voiture à Jean” 🚗 →

4. Translate into French (include complements!):

“A box of chocolates.” →

“Sophie’s notebook.” →

“A wooden chair.” →


Notes:

  • Possession: Use de even for proper nouns (le chat de Marie).
  • Material vs. Content:
    • en = material (en verre = made of glass).
    • de = content (de confiture = containing jam).
  • Quantity: Always de (un litre de lait, beaucoup de travail).
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